Lower Limb Prosthetics
Amputation
An amputation is the removal of a limb as a result of surgical intervention, trauma or a disease process. The loss of a limb can be physically and emotionally challenging for the patient and others. In general, most amputees resume their normal activity level with the appropriate prosthetic training and care.
It is important to know you are not alone in your rehabilitation process as an individual with an amputation. The amputation rate is rising in the United States, mainly due to vascular disease and diabetes. Currently it is estimated 1.9 million people are living with a limb loss. This is equivalent to one out of every 200 individuals.
Prosthetic Candidate
There is much to consider as a prosthetic candidate. The loss of a limb brings many emotions and questions to mind. Many factors drive an amputee's readiness for a prosthesis. The patient must have a strong desire to become active again, a certain level of physical fitness, and a well healed amputation site. One of the most important steps in becoming a successful prosthetic user is to recognize the need for a good support team. Your team should include family, friends, and medical professionals, such as our caring and certified staff at "Centers for Mobility".
Pre-amputation Consult
"Centers for Mobility" provides complimentary pre-amputation consultations. It is important to seek information prior to your surgery. This helps reduce fear, answer your questions, and inform you of what to expect after surgery. Pre-surgical consultations are performed at one of our three certified facilities, at your hospital bedside or in the comfort of your home.
Preparing Yourself for Your Prosthesis
After your amputation, the ultimate goal in preparing your residual limb for a prosthesis is to reduce swelling by stabilizing the size and shape of the amputated limb. Swelling after surgery is normal. With your physician's order, your prosthetist may begin to address your swelling. This is achieved by compression and elevation of the limb.
A "prosthetic shrinker" helps control swelling by providing compression over the amputated limb. A shrinker is made from an elastic material and is applied directly over the residual limb. Another way to control swelling is by wrapping the limb with an "Ace" elastic bandage. Your prosthetist will demonstrate their proper application. Remember to keep your leg elevated above your heart and avoid hanging your leg below you.
In some cases you may be a candidate for an "IPOP" post surgically. An "IPOP" is known as an "Immediate Post Operative Prosthesis" and must be prescribed by your physician. This is a temporary prosthesis applied immediately after an amputation. It is designed to reduce swelling, protect the limb and for limited weight bearing.
Another important factor in preparing your limb for a prosthesis is to work towards healing your surgery site. This may be achieved by keeping the surgical site clean, following your physician's instructions and avoiding injuries. In general, sutures/staples are removed with 10-21 days after surgery. Keep in mind, each individual is different.
Evaluation and Casting
Once your residual limb is healed, your prosthetist performs an evaluation. This consists of a discussion of your personal goals, patient's expectations and prosthetist's recommendations. During this visit, a plaster impression and measurements of your residual limb are taken. These are used for the fabrication of your test socket.
Test or Check Socket Fitting
A "test socket" is a transparent plastic model of your residual limb. During your visit, you will wear the socket and the practitioner evaluates the fit. This is a diagnostic tool to address any fitting issues and modifications needed to achieve a comfortable and proper fit. The "test socket" is also used to fabricate your "preparatory or definitive" prosthesis. Typically, it is necessary to make more than one test socket.
Preparatory Prosthesis
A "preparatory prosthesis" is an unfinished functional replacement for an amputated limb. It is usually worn for several weeks to months by an individual with a new amputation. Wearing this socket will expedite the rehabilitation process and allows your residual limb to stabilize in volume and shape. Your prosthetist determines when you are ready for a "definitive or permanent prosthesis".
Definitive Prosthesis
The "definitive prosthesis" is meant for long term use. This prosthesis consists of components based on your activity level. If the patient desires, a cosmetic cover is used to give a more contoured and natural appearance. "Centers for Mobility" recommends physical therapy for all new amputees. This is an important step in learning how to properly use your new prosthesis and in becoming a successful prosthetic user.
Follow Up & Maintenance of the Prosthesis
After the delivery of your "definitive" prosthesis, the prosthetist requests the patient to set up an appointment for a three week follow up. During the follow up, the practitioner will address issues the patient may have encountered.
Over time the patient may experience a change in the fit, residual limb, alignment or physical condition of the prosthesis. The patient should contact their prosthetist if this occurs.
Lower Extremity Prosthetic Parts
- Socket- made from a plastic and fits over the residual limb
- Knee- only used in above knee amputees; a variety of knees is available based on your weight and activity level
- Pylon- connects the prosthetic socket to the foot/ankle
- Foot & Ankle- a variety of feet is available based on your weight and activity level
- Suspension- a variety of suspension systems such as belts, suction, locking pins, sleeves or pads is available based on your needs; each is used to securely hold the prosthesis in place
- Interface- a variety of interfaces such as socks, silicone sheaths, gel or silicone liner with locking pin is available based on your prosthetic needs; each is used for cushioning and protection
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